More accurate forecasts at all levels needed to reduce coastal disaster risk
The protective forest in the Gò Công coastal area in the southern province of Tiền Giang. Planting more trees will help reduce the impacts of climate change. — VNA/VNS Photo Hữu Chí |
Vietnamese experts hold that forecasting disaster risk levels needs to be built into a strategy as a basis for developing effective prevention and response plans in the context of climate change and natural disasters being unpredictable and increasing in number.
Việt Nam's coastal provinces play an important role in socio-economic development, but this is also an area greatly affected by tropical storms and other natural disasters.
According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE), establishing different warning levels for natural disasters will help localities minimise impacts and overcome the consequences of natural disasters in a more reasonable and effective manner.
Floods’ impact
Nguyễn Quốc Khánh, deputy director of the Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change (IMHCC) under the MoNRE, said that in recent years, Việt Nam had recorded many typhoons, leading to high sea water levels and big waves that overflow and break dikes, as well as widespread flooding.
Some typhoons causing serious damage were Washi in 2005 in Hải Phòng City, Damrey in 2005 in Nam Định Province, Kalmaegi in 2014 in Quảng Ninh Province, Doksuri in 2017 in Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh provinces, and Vamco in 2020 in Quảng Bình and Quảng Trị provinces.
Khánh also noted that climate change and rising sea levels tended to increase in frequency, duration and intensity, pushing up coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion and coastal flooding.
According to a climate change scenario posted in 2020, when the sea level rises by one metre, coastal provinces of the Red River Delta will be at risk of flooding across 20-40 per cent of its area, while the figures could reach 30-80 per cent in the Mekong Delta.
The reality is that in coastal areas, most of natural disaster risks are rising sea levels, typhoons, droughts and saltwater intrusion.
Typhoons and heavy rains leading to flooding, cause the greatest damage among those natural disasters.
For example, in provinces from Quảng Ninh to Thừa Thiên Huế, with warning for sea level rise reaching level five (the highest warning level), the flooding water could rise up five to six metres.
The disaster risk assessment study 2020, conducted by the World Bank and the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, shows that with the current trends in weather and climate, 11.8 million people in coastal areas of Việt Nam will be directly affected by floods; and US$1 million of gross domestic product (GDP) in agriculture will be lost due to flooding.
In addition, 42 per cent of coastal hotels are located in landslide areas, half of industrial zones are at risk of being affected by major floods and 22 per cent of schools and 26 per cent of medical facilities are at risk of being affected by major flooding.
Forecasting strategy
Deputy Director Khánh said that regions and localities should call for participation of forces depending on the level of natural disaster risk.
For example, natural disaster risk due to floods and inundations at level four would need participation of all ministries, branches and local authorities, which would determine the effectiveness of prevention, response, damage reduction and overcoming the aftermath of natural disasters.
“At the same height, the risk levels due to sea level rise for coastal areas will be different depending on local factors such as terrain, infrastructure, resilience and response capacity. This requires detailed building for risk levels based on local characteristics,” Khánh said.
He also said that currently, the IMHCC was implementing a number of ministerial and state-level projects on decentralisation and risk assessment of natural disasters in Việt Nam.
It was researching and building a system to warn of the risk levels of typhoons and tropical depressions according to hydrometeorological forecasts and applying them on a trial basis in the north central region.
The IMHCC was also researching scientific and technological solutions for multi-disaster management, building support tools for coastal areas, assessing the increasing level of natural disaster risks.
"Urgent solutions to prevent natural disaster risks include improving the effectiveness of marine hydrometeorology forecasting and warning; consolidating and upgrading the sea dyke system, ensuring resilience to frequent typhoons; increasing the amount of wave-breaking trees, developing protective forests and mangrove forests at river mouths and along the coast, and preserving natural coastal sand dunes," Khánh said.
He said that to upgrade and innovate the warning system, MoNRE proposed applying advanced technologies such as AI to improve the disaster forecasting accuracy, especially for floods and landslides.
More automatic monitoring stations with new technology should be added, especially in vulnerable areas, to ensure accurate and timely data collection and a disaster warning information system should be built in.
In addition, concerned agencies needed to develop education and communication programmes on climate change and natural disaster risks to raise people's awareness of self-prevention and protective measures against natural disasters.
They must review local planning and strategies including planning on infrastructure, land use, population and natural disaster prevention, especially in areas heavily affected by recent typhoons.
Response
Landslides caused by prolonged heavy rains in the northern province of Yên Bái. — VNA/VNS Photo Tuấn Anh |
In a seminar held in Hà Nội recently by the Tiền Phong (Vanguard) newspaper, Hoàng Đức Cường, deputy director of the Việt Nam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration (VNMHA), said that given current climate changes, natural disasters were becoming more unusual than before.
Along with that, the number of strong typhoons was increasing. Việt Nam had over the past five to six years suffered up to six strong typhoons per year.
Cường said that the VNMHA chose early warning as an important solution to minimise damage caused by natural disasters; and to have more data for forecasting, it was necessary to strengthen the radar system to reduce errors.
“This is a job that cannot be done in a few days. The inevitable trend is to apply the fourth industrial revolution, apply artificial intelligence (AI) to early warning,” said Cường.
“At the same time, it is necessary to cooperate internationally and share data, use advanced technology from bilateral and multilateral countries, and bring Việt Nam's data into the most modern models of countries in the world."
Sharing the same view, Vũ Anh Tuấn, deputy general director of the Việt Nam National Space Centre, said that many countries calculated that space technology could reduce natural disaster damage by up to 10 per cent.
Using space technology in the pre-disaster stage could identify risks, provide warnings and information to the hydrometeorological sector, or during natural disasters, it could help authorities to have timely response solutions.
Nguyễn Văn Hải, head of the Natural Disaster Response and Overcoming Division under the Department of Dyke Management and Natural Disaster Prevention and Control, said that many problems could be overcome in preventing and overcoming typhoons’ consequences.
Investment for prevention is the key task. Along with that, forecasting and warning needs to be promoted, according to Hải.
Currently in Việt Nam, in addition to natural factors, more attention should also be paid to man-made impacts such as road construction and hydroelectric dams the infrastructure impact before planning and construction, he said.
See also
Businesses support Vietnam’s net zero target
16:18 | 25/11/2024 Environment
Prolonged rainfall and landslides disrupt life in central region
15:43 | 25/11/2024 Environment
Tough negotiations to prevent Earth’s warming
10:38 | 24/11/2024 Environment
MoT view on raising emission standards for scooters from 2027
19:46 | 23/11/2024 Environment
Significant progress in fisheries' environmental protection but challenges remain
09:35 | 22/11/2024 Environment
Hà Nội prepares for temperature drop as cold front approaches
16:56 | 21/11/2024 Environment
See more news
Hundreds of damaged irrigation reservoirs need repairing
09:02 | 20/11/2024 Environment
Greening e-commerce crucial for sustainable development
10:47 | 18/11/2024 Environment
National Environmental Protection Plan ensures high quality living environment
08:59 | 18/11/2024 Environment
Super Typhoon Man-yi to move into East Sea on November 18
17:13 | 17/11/2024 Environment
Việt Nam proactively prepares for EUDR despite EU postponement
09:57 | 17/11/2024 Environment
Việt Nam focuses on biodiversity credits under global agreements
10:10 | 16/11/2024 Environment
New national environmental protection planning project eyes settlement of pollution
16:05 | 15/11/2024 Environment
MoIT facilitates power plant ash and slag consumption
11:50 | 15/11/2024 Environment
Support for communities in buffer zones helps strengthen forest conservation
09:07 | 15/11/2024 Environment
Hà Nội requires comprehensive emission data to develop effective air pollution control plan
15:03 | 14/11/2024 Environment
MoU signed to foster Vietnam-Canada cooperation in science, technology
17:04 | 25/11/2024 Science - Technology
First Vietnamese scientist named at UK’s TechWomen 100 Awards
17:00 | 25/11/2024 Science - Technology
Vietnamese, Bulgarian Presidents hold talks in Hanoi
16:59 | 25/11/2024 News and Events
Ninh Bình looks to capture Japanese tourism market
16:56 | 25/11/2024 Tourism
Cần Thơ City to host HCM City, Mekong Delta tourism, trade event
16:52 | 25/11/2024 Tourism
Multimedia
Banning motorbikes - a complex issue
09:32 | 24/11/2024 Society
Strengthening Vietnam-Cambodia friendship and cooperation
09:00 | 22/11/2024 Infographic
Vietnam - Malaysia Strategic Partnership
10:54 | 21/11/2024 Infographic
Vietnam, Dominican Republic strengthening cooperation
08:45 | 20/11/2024 Infographic
Vietnam - Brazil strategic partnership
10:26 | 19/11/2024 Infographic
Party Central Committee concludes 13th Conference with major resolutions for reform and national development
16:37 | 25/11/2024 Policy
New decree on using telecommunications accounts for payment proposed
09:29 | 22/11/2024 Policy
Parliament approves amendments to pharmacy law
08:54 | 22/11/2024 Policy
VAT tax reduction should continue until mid-2025: Ministry
17:15 | 21/11/2024 Policy
Huge potential for VN, UK to boost cooperation in clean energy
15:29 | 25/11/2024 Energy
Vietnam’s automotive supporting industry: A bright future ahead, riding the wave of growth
20:42 | 22/11/2024 Industry
VN's food processing industry struggles to improve quality and value chain integration
11:36 | 22/11/2024 Industry
Tra fish sector aiming for production, processing greening for sustainable development
15:38 | 20/11/2024 Industry
Japanese retailer Aeon to break ground on 4th shopping mall in Northern Vietnam
15:54 | 25/11/2024 Investment
Thai packaging giant takes 30-year lease for largest ready-built factory in Tay Ninh
16:58 | 22/11/2024 Investment
Workshop seeks ways to attract Japan’s green investment to Vietnam
09:43 | 20/11/2024 Investment
Government approves investment policy to build Cam Lien Industrial Park in Quang Binh
16:57 | 18/11/2024 Investment
Promoting credit for key agricultural sectors in Mekong Delta
11:11 | 25/11/2024 Finance-Banking
HDBank wins three awards at Vietnam Listed Company Awards 2024
10:53 | 21/11/2024 Finance-Banking
VIB, Flywire partner to streamline cross-border payments for students from Vietnam
16:46 | 18/11/2024 Finance-Banking
Vietcombank issues 2 trillion VND worth of green bonds for first time
18:55 | 16/11/2024 Finance-Banking
Businesses support Vietnam’s net zero target
16:18 | 25/11/2024 Environment
Prolonged rainfall and landslides disrupt life in central region
15:43 | 25/11/2024 Environment
Tough negotiations to prevent Earth’s warming
10:38 | 24/11/2024 Environment
MoT view on raising emission standards for scooters from 2027
19:46 | 23/11/2024 Environment
MoU signed to foster Vietnam-Canada cooperation in science, technology
17:04 | 25/11/2024 Science - Technology
First Vietnamese scientist named at UK’s TechWomen 100 Awards
17:00 | 25/11/2024 Science - Technology
Vietnam: A global magnet for scientific talent
16:58 | 24/11/2024 Science - Technology
Samsung launches technology talent development programm
09:36 | 24/11/2024 Science - Technology
Việt Nam must gear up for green mobility transition: experts
15:39 | 25/11/2024 Society
iCare+ App launched on App Store to accompany diabetes patients
14:30 | 25/11/2024 Society
Vietnam leads ASEAN in number of students studying in US
14:18 | 25/11/2024 Society
Hà Nội to change to green energy buses by 2035
09:49 | 25/11/2024 Society
The essence of Chuon Ngo Mother-of-Pearl Inlay Village
16:42 | 25/11/2024 Vietnamese Brands
Petrovietnam grows strongly thanks to volatility management
07:29 | 24/11/2024 Companies
Doubling insurance product’s payout significantly benefits customers
16:22 | 22/11/2024 Vietnamese Brands
PJICO: 30 years of development
11:19 | 22/11/2024 Vietnamese Brands
Long An's 2nd Culture, Sports, Tourism Week to kick off in late November
16:49 | 25/11/2024 Culture
Exhibitions in Hà Nội downtown celebrate Heritage Day
13:55 | 23/11/2024 Culture
Vibrant cultural rendezvous in Hanoi
15:30 | 22/11/2024 Lifestyle
Cultural activities celebrate Việt Nam Heritage Day
10:06 | 22/11/2024 Culture
Ninh Bình looks to capture Japanese tourism market
16:56 | 25/11/2024 Tourism
Cần Thơ City to host HCM City, Mekong Delta tourism, trade event
16:52 | 25/11/2024 Tourism
Hanoi promotes craft village tourism
15:30 | 25/11/2024 Tourism
Quang Nam to host UN international conference on rural tourism
09:46 | 24/11/2024 Tourism